I te marama o Hune 2026, i tino wera a Ūropi.
E ai ki a Xinhua News Agency, i whakatau tata a Agence France-Presse, i runga i ngā matapae huarere me ngā raraunga taupori o te EU Joint Research Centre, i te 25 o Hune, neke atu i te 101 miriona tāngata i Ūropi i pāngia e te pāmahana neke atu i te 35°C, ā, 50 miriona tāngata i pāngia i Parani anake. E ai ki ngā paerewa tohutoro a te World Meteorological Organization, ko te ngaru wera te pāmahana mōrahi o ia rā neke atu i te 32°C e toru ngā rā karapīpiti, neke atu rānei.
E whakaatu ana ngā raraunga mai i te Manatū Ahuwhenua o Wīwī ko te tonga o WīwītōmatoI pāngia ngā rohe whakaputa hua e ngā mate tae atu ki te 80%. I roto i tētahi pūrongo a GuardianTV, i whakaahua māramatia te āhuatanga pērā i te "Ka tunua ngā tōmato ki runga i te waina".
He aha i tino pāngia ai a Wīwī i Ūropi? Kua piki kē te pāmahana toharite o te ao mā te 1.4°C ki te whakataurite ki ngā taumata o mua i te wā ahumahi, ā, kua eke te mahana whānui o Ūropi ki te 2.4°C. Nā tōna taunga whenua me ngā tauira tohanga o te hau, he ngoikore ake a Wīwī ki te pānga o ngā ia o te hau mahana nui atu i te UK me Tiamana. Kua noho ngā ngaru wera nui hei āhuatanga noa i Wīwī, ka tae wawe mai, ā, ka roa ake i ia tau. I te tau 2003, i mate neke atu i te 14,000 ngā tāngata i te ngaru wera i Wīwī; i te tau 2026, ehara i te mea ko ngā tāngata anake i mate engari ko ngā hua whenua hoki i mate i te wera.
He nui atu te wera nui i te tonga o Parani i te "kore wai" noa. Ko te pāmahana e neke atu ana i te 40°C mō ngā rā maha ka pā tika ki ngā hua, ka heke tata ki te 30% te hua o te kānga, ka mate ngā rau mano o ngā heihei i Parani, me te hekenga 30%-40% o te hanga miraka nā te ahotea wera o ngā kau miraka. Kei te "mate kirika" te rāngai ahuwhenua katoa.
I puta ake anō hoki i tēnei ngaru wera tētahi tautohetohe tōrangapū mō te hauhautanga i Parani. I kī te taha matau rawa ko te hauhautanga he mea nui hei oranga mō rātou, i te wā i whakanuia e ngā kaitiaki taiao ka nui ake te pānga o te hauhautanga ki te motu wera. Ko te mea pono, he iti iho i te 10% te reiti urunga o te hauhautanga ki Parani, he iti iho i tērā o ngā whenua tata o Pāniora me Itari. I roto noa i te wiki kotahi, i hokona e Carrefour te iti rawa 30,000 ngā hauhautanga me ngā pā hiko, ā, tata rua te pikinga o ngā hoko a Amazon mō ngā hauhautanga me ngā pā hiko i Parani ki te whakataurite ki te wā kotahi o te wiki kua hipa.
Hoki atu ki te umanga tōmato: e hia te rahi o te umanga tukatuka tōmato o Wīwī? E ai ki ngā matapae ahumahi, e matapaetia ana ka eke te hua tōmato o Wīwī i te tau 2026 ki te 494,900 tana, me te rohe whakato tata ki te 2,736 heketea. I te marama o Āperira, he 34% teitei ake ngā utu o roto i te taumata 2025, ā, he 41% teitei ake i te toharite 2021-2025. Kua whakaata tika mai ngā whakahekenga whakaputanga i roto i ngā utu.
Kāore ngā raruraru o Wīwī i roto i ōna rohe anake. Hei mana ahuwhenua nui i roto i te EU, kua piki ake te pēhanga tuku i ngā rohe whakaputa nui pērā i a Itari me Pāniora nā te whakaiti i te hanga tōmato a Wīwī. Kua pāngia kētia ngā utu tuku mō te ketchup tōmato i te mākete motuhake o Ūropi e te pēhanga tuku, nō reira kei te tukuna ngā pikinga utu poto ki ngā kaihoko o te ao.
Te "Heat Dome" o Xinjiang me te Pōhēhētanga i roto i a Mongolia
I a Ūropi e raru ana i te raruraru tōmato, kei te anga atu ngā kanohi o ngā kaitākaro ahumahi tōmato o te ao ki te Rawhiti. I te tīmatanga o Hūrae 2026, i pāngia te Rohe o Xinjiang i Haina e tētahi āhuatanga huarere tino kino, arā, he "heat dome".
He aha te pūwero wera? I roto i ngā kupu māmā, e pā ana ki tētahi pūnaha pēhanga teitei mahana pumau e hangaia ana i te teitei, e mahi ana pērā i tētahi taupoki kohua matotoru kua hiritia katoatia e herea ana ki te raki o Haina. E rua ngā āhuatanga whakamate o tēnei "taupoki": tuatahi, ka hopukina te wera o te whenua, ka ārai i te hau wera kia puta ki te āhuarangi o runga, ka akiaki kia kohikohi tata ki te mata; tuarua, ka ārai i te hau makariri mai i waho, ka pupuri i ngā hau makariri ki waho, ka mau te hau wera ki roto.
E whakaatu ana ngā whakamōhiotanga mana mai i te Whare Tirotiro Āhuarangi o Xinjiang i te tīmatanga o Hōngongoi, i noho tonu te rohe katoa o Turpan ki runga ake i te 40°C mō ngā rā maha karapīpiti, me te pāmahana mōrahi i inehia he 49°C i te 3 o Hōngongoi, ā, e matapaetia ana ētahi rohe ka tata ki te 50°C, ka pakaru i te taumata huarere mō taua wā anō. I Hami, Bayangol me ētahi atu rohe, i neke atu i te 65°C te pāmahana o te mata.
Ko te mea whakamataku ake, kāore tēnei "taupoki" e tū tonu. Kei te horapa haere tonu te kapua wera ki te rawhiti. E ai ki te matapae a te Whakahaere Āhuarangi o Haina i te 4 o Hūrae, kua taupokina a Gansu me te taha hauauru o Mongolia o Roto e te whitiki pāmahana teitei, kātahi ka whakaekea ngā rohe o Te Tai Tokerau o Haina me Huanghuai. I te tonga o Beijing, Tianjin, waenganui-tonga o Hebei, raki o Henan me te taha hauauru o Shandong, kei te piki te pāmahana mōrahi o te awatea ki te 38°C ki te 40°C.
Nā, ka taea e ngā hua tōmato o Xinjiang te ora i tēnei tau? Me tātari tātou i tēnei mai i ngā taha e rua: "ngā tauira whakato" me "te āhuarangi whenua".
Te Whakatō Papa-tuwhera me te Whakatō Whare-kākāriki
100% o ngā tōmato tukatuka o Xinjiang e whakatipuria ana i ngā whenua tuwhera. Mā te āhua tuwhera me te hauhautanga ka karohia te pānga "tunu pūmau" i roto i ngā whare kati kōtuhi. Ko ngā wāhi i tino pāngia i Parani ko ngā whare kati kōtuhi kāore i a rātou ngā taputapu whakahaere taiao matatau, ka taea e ngā pāmahana o roto te piki ake i runga ake i te taumata o waho. Ka tipu ngā tōmato o Xinjiang i ngā whenua tuwhera, i te iti rawa ka taea e te hau te pupuhi mai.
Te Whakawhirinakitanga o te Whakamakuku Hukarere Maunga Tianshan
Kei roto i te wai hukarere rewa o ngā Maunga Tianshan te toto ora o ngā tōmato o Xinjiang. Ahakoa ka whakanuia e ngā pāmahana teitei te mimiti, ka tere ake te rewa o te hukapapa me te hukarere o te maunga, ā, ka pumau te puna wai. I te taha o te hangarau "whakamakuku maturuturu i raro i te kiriata kirihou + te whakahaere wai me te tongi whakauru" i Xinjiang, ka taea tonu te whakamana i te puna wai ki te pūnaha pakiaka.
Te Rārangi Parenga Whakamutunga: Te Rerekētanga o te Pāmahana o te Ao
Ko te hanga lycopene me whai pāmahana e tika ana i te pō. Ko te painga ahurei o Xinjiang kei roto i tōna āhuatanga āhuarangi rongonui: "te mau i te koti hiako i te ata me te kākahu i te poutumarotanga". Ahakoa neke atu i te 40°C te pāmahana o te awatea, mena ka heke te pāmahana o te pō ki te 20°C, ka taea e ngā tipu te whai wāhi ki te ora.
I te tau 2025, i eke te rohe whakato tōmato tukatuka ki te 520,000 mu, me te putanga o te 4.8 miriona tana. Ko te tere miihini katoa i eke ki te 99%, me te nui ake o te tere miihini rui me te hauhake i te 98.5%. Neke atu i te 70 ngā umanga tukatuka o Xinjiang, e hanga ana i tētahi pūnaha mekameka ahumahi katoa e kapi ana i te whakatipu, te whakato, te tukatuka me te hoko. I whakauru te perehitini tuarua o te Xinjiang Tomato Industry Association ko te rohe whakato tōmato tukatuka ā-motu i tēnei tau ko te 1.6 miriona mu, ko te 1.35 miriona mu kei Xinjiang, neke atu i te 84% o te katoa o te whenua.
I te Rohe o Changji me te Rohe o Heshuo i Xinjiang, i kōrero ngā kaiwhakatipu "he taurite te tipu whānui o te pua me te whakatakoto hua o te tōmato i tēnei tau", me te hua e 9 tana ia mu. I kī anō ngā kaiwhakatipu i te Tāone o Shawan e tūmanakohia ana ka hauhakehia ngā momo hua waenga-pakeke i te tīmatanga o Ākuhata, me te hua e 9 tana ia mu.
E ai ki ngā puna pūrongo maha, he iti noa te pānga o te werawera poto i te tīmatanga o Hūrae ki te whakaiti i te whakaputanga tōmato tukatuka o Xinjiang. Heoi, mā te pāmahana teitei ka tere ake te maoa o ngā hua, ka arahi pea ki te wā kotinga nui rawa, ka nui te pēhanga o te kaha tukatuka o ia rā ki ngā tipu tukatuka o raro, ka hua ake he rarangi.
Wā tuku: Hurae-10-2026
